Imaging characteristics of spinal three-dimensional planes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients with different Ｒigo classifications

English Keywords:Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis  Rigo classification  Roussouly classification  Imaging

English Abstract:

  【Abstract】 Objectives: To investigate the imaging characteristics of spinal three-dimensional planes and their relationships in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) patients with different Rigo classifications. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data from 215 AIS patients(186 females and 29 males) aged 10-18 years(14.4±2.2 years). Patients were classified according to the Rigo classification(Rigo A, Rigo B, Rigo C, Rigo E types), and non-specific type and Roussouly classification based on standing full-spine anteroposterior and lateral X-rays. The coronal, sagittal, and axial plane features of female patients with different Rigo types were analyzed. The main curve Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis(TK), lumbar lordosis(LL), sacral slope(SS), pelvic incidence(PI), pelvic tilt(PT), spine-sacral angle(SSA), C7 translation ratio(C7TR), and apical vertebral rotation(AVR)were measured. The Rigo classifications in genders, as well as the distribution of Roussouly types among female patients with different Rigo types were compared, and correlations between coronal, sagittal, and axial plane parameters were analyzed. Results: Among the 186 female patients, there were 62 Rigo A, 71 Rigo B, 13 Rigo C, 35 Rigo E, and 5 non-specific types; Among the 29 male patients, there were 12 Rigo A, 7 Rigo B, 2 Rigo C, 4 Rigo E, and 4 non-specific types. Significant differences were found in Rigo classification distribution between sexes(P=0.048). Significant differences in Roussouly type Ⅰ and Ⅳ distributions were observed among female patients with different Rigo types(P=0.005). PI in female Rigo A patients was significantly greater than that in Rigo E(P<0.05); PT, SS, and C7TR in Rigo A and B were significantly greater than in Rigo E(P<0.05); SSA in Rigo B was significantly greater than in Rigo E(P<0.05). Cobb angle correlated with SS in Rigo C(P<0.05). Cobb angle was negatively correlated with AVR in Rigo A, B, C, and E types(P<0.05). AVR was correlated with PI and C7TR in Rigo A(P<0.05), and negatively correlated with SS and PI in Rigo C(P<0.05). Logistic regression showed sagittal plane imbalance wasn′t correlated with Cobb angle, AVR, SS, or Rigo classification, but negatively correlated with PI and PT. Conclusions: Distribution of Rigo classification differs by sex among AIS patients. Significant differences in Roussouly types Ⅰ and Ⅳ exist among female patients with different Rigo types. The interrelationships among coronal, sagittal, and axial plane parameters vary with Rigo classification.