2012~2019年度956例创伤性脊髓损伤住院患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of 956 inpatients with traumatic spinal cord injury from 2012 to 2019

中文关键词:  脊髓损伤  创伤性  流行病学  调查

英文关键词:Spinal cord injury  Traumatic  Epidemiology  Investigation

中文摘要:

  【摘要】 目的：分析我院创伤性脊髓损伤（traumatic spinal cord injury，TSCI）患者的流行病学特点及变化趋势。方法：回顾性分析2012年1月～2019年12月在我院住院治疗的956例TSCI患者的临床资料，收集患者性别、年龄、受伤原因、损伤部位及损伤程度等相关信息，按每两年时间段进行不同时间段的流行病学特点分析，探讨其变化规律。结果：956例患者中，男性670例（70.1%），女性286例（29.9%）；年龄11～84岁（49.87±20.74岁）。常见受伤原因依次为坠落伤（54.3%）、交通事故（37.2%）、重物砸伤（3.4%），其他原因所致损伤（3.5%）。C1-C4颈髓损伤25.5%，C5-C8颈髓损伤27.4%，胸髓损伤31.5%，腰骶髓损伤15.6%。按ASIA分级：A级415例（43.5%），B级120例（12.5%），C级220例（23.0%），D级201例（21.0%）。完全四肢瘫154例，不完全四肢瘫352例，完全截瘫261例，不完全截瘫189例。2012~2013年267例（27.9%），2014～2015年235例（24.6%），2016～2017年229例（23.9%），2018～2019年225例（23.5％）。从2012~2013年到2016~2017年，坠落伤所致TSCI逐渐增多（由47.1%增至64.9%），且平均年龄逐渐增加（由45.70岁增至55.64岁）；交通事故所致TSCI逐渐减少（由45.3%减少至22.6%）。结论：TSCI住院患者以颈脊髓损伤为主，男性多于女性；坠落伤所占比例呈上升趋势，而交通事故伤比例则逐渐减少。

英文摘要:

  【Abstract】 Objectives: Analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of changes in inpatients with traumatic spinal cord injury in our hospital. Methods: A retrospective study of the clinical data of 956 patients with TSCI admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2019 was carried out. The patients were divided into four groups according to the date of admission(patients admitted every two years were enrolled as one group), and the number of patients in each group and relevant information of gender, age, causes, locations and degrees of injuries were recorded, and the changes were analyzed. Results: Among the 956 patients, 670 were males(70.1%) and 286 were females(29.9%), with an average age of 49.87±20.74 years(11-84). The common causes of injuries were fall injuries(54.3%), traffic accidents(37.2%), heavy object injuries(3.4%), and injuries caused by other causes(3.5%). C1-C4 cervical spinal cord injury accounted 25.5%, C5-C8 27.4%, thoracic spinal cord injury 31.5%, and lumbosacral spinal cord injury 15.6%. According to the ASIA classification: 415 cases(43.5%) were of grade A, 120 cases were of grade B(12.5%), 220 cases were of grade C(23.0%), and 201 cases were of grade D(21.0%). 154 cases were complete quadriplegia, 352 cases were Incomplete quadriplegia, 261 cases were complete paraplegia, and 189 cases were incomplete paraplegia. There were 267 cases(27.9%) from the year 2012 to 2013, 235 cases(24.6%) from 2014 to 2015, 229 cases(23.9%) from 2016 to 2017, and 225 cases(23.5) from 2018 to 2019. TSCI caused by fall injuries gradually increased(from 47.1% to 64.9%), and the average age was gradually increased(from 45.70 years to 55.64 years); TSCI caused by traffic accidents gradually decreased(from 45.3% to 22.6%). Conclusions: There were significantly more men with TSCI than women; the most common injury site was the cervical spinal cord. The most common cause of injury was fall injury, and its proportion and the average age of the patients were gradually increasing year by year; the second common cause was traffic accident injury, and the proportion was gradually decreasing.