大鼠尾椎间盘退变造模器械的研发与应用

Development and application of a new mold for rat tail disc degeneration

中文关键词:  椎间盘退变  造模器械  大鼠

英文关键词:Intervertebral disc degeneration  Modeling  Acupuncture  Rat

中文摘要:

  【摘要】 目的：研制一种简便、微创、针刺深度可控的大鼠椎间盘退变模型的造模器械。方法：自行设计一种新型针刺大鼠尾椎间盘退变的造模器械，由C型套环和针筒两部分构成。取3月龄雄性SD大鼠20只，分为针刺组（10只）和对照组（10只），将造模器械的C型套环套在鼠尾上，用21G针对针刺组的大鼠尾椎Co6/7、Co8/9椎间盘分别行横贯（10mm）和半横贯穿刺（5mm）；对照组大鼠尾椎无任何处理。造模前和造模后4周时对两组大鼠的尾部行X线片和MRI检查，在X线片上测量椎间盘高度，计算目标椎间盘高度指数（DHI）比；在MRI T2像上采用Pfirrmann评分评价目标椎间盘退变情况。再处死大鼠取目标椎间盘固定切片后行番红O染色，观察椎间盘退变情况；对非针刺节段尾椎间盘内注射造影剂（碘海醇）后，X线下显影并用针抽吸髓核组织。结果：造模过程中大鼠无死亡，术后无感染等并发症。向大鼠椎间盘注射碘海醇后造影显影良好，可以抽取一定量的髓核组织。造模后4周，针刺组Co6/7和Co8/9的DHI比分别为0.65±0.07和0.73±0.09、Pfirrmann退变评分分别为4.3±0.82和3.5±0.71分，对照组分别为0.98±0.02和0.97±0.02、1.1±0.32分和1.1±0.32分，两组同节段比较均有显著性差异（P<0.05），针刺组两个节段间比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）， 对照组两个节段间比较无显著性差异（P>0.05）。番红O染色针刺组Co6/7髓核消失，与纤维环界限不清，终板骨化；针刺组Co8/9穿刺侧髓核和纤维结构紊乱，另一侧髓核与纤维环较完整；对照组Co6/7和Co8/9髓核、纤维环和终板形状完整，结构清晰。结论：造模器械穿刺可以成功建立大鼠尾椎间盘退变模型，且横贯穿刺较半横贯穿刺椎间盘退变重；利用该造模器械可以向椎间盘内注射造影剂或药物，抽取髓核。

英文摘要:

  【Abstract】 Objectives: To invent a modeling instrument for simple, minimally invasive, stable and controllable model of rat intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods: A new type of molding instrument for rat caudal intervertebral disc was designed, which was composed of C-ring and spiral needle tube. Twenty 3-month-old male SD rats were divided into the control group(n=10) and the acupuncture group(n=10). The c-type sleeve ring of the modeling instrument was placed on the tails of rats, and a 21G needle was used for spiral puncture, then the model puncture instrument was used to perform transverse puncture(10mm) and semi-transverse puncture(5mm) on the Co6/7 and Co8/9 intervertebral discs in the experimental group. There was no treatment of caudal vertebra in control group. Before and 4 weeks after modeling, the X-ray and MRI were performed for both groups. The disc height was measured on the X-ray and the percentage of the target disc height index(DHI) was calculated. The Pfirrmann score was used to evaluate the disc degeneration scores on the MRI T2 image. Then the rats were killed, and the sections of the target intervertebral disc were taken and stained with safranine O to observe the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. After injecting contrast agent(iohexol) into the non-acupuncture caudal disc segment, the nucleus pulposus tissue was developed under X-ray and aspirated by needle. Results: No rats died under anesthesia, and no postoperative complication such as infection was found. Iohexol was injected into the intervertebral discs of rats, and the contrast and development were good. A certain amount of nucleus pulposus tissue could be extracted by needle. 4 weeks after modeling, the rate of DHI of Co6/7 and Co8/9 in the acupuncture group was 0.65±0.07 and 0.73±0.09, respectively. The Pfirrmann regression scores were 4.3±0.82 and 3.5±0.71 points, respectively. The results were 0.98±0.02 and 0.97±0.02, 1.1±0.32 and 1.1±0.32 points, in the control group, respectively. There were significant differences in the comparison of the same segments between the two groups(P<0.05). There were significant differences in the comparison of the two segments in the acupuncture group(P<0.05), and no significant difference in the comparison between the two segments in the control group(P>0.05). In the acupuncture group, Co6/7 nucleus disappeared, the boundary between the nucleus and the annulus fibrosus was unclear, and the endplate became ossified. The nucleus pulposus and fibrous structure on the side of Co8/9 puncture were disordered, the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus on the other side were relatively intact. In the control group, Co6/7 and Co8/9 nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus and endplate had complete shape and clear structure. Conclusions: The model of caudal intervertebral disc degeneration can be successfully established by instrument-setting puncture, and the severity of degeneration aggravated as the puncture depth increased. The molding device can also be used to extract the nucleus pulposus by intradermal injection of contrast agents or drugs.