下颈椎全椎板切除后生物力学特性改变机制的有限元分析

Finite element analysis of biomechanics mechanism for the lower cervical spine after laminectomy

中文关键词:  颈椎  全椎板切除术  有限元  生物力学

英文关键词:Cervical spine  Laminectomy  Finite element  Biomechanics

中文摘要:

  【摘要】 目的：探讨下颈椎全椎板切除后生物力学特性改变的机制。方法：采集1例成年健康男性志愿者下颈椎（C3~C7）的CT数据集，应用Mimics 10.01、Geomagic studio 10.0、HyperMesh 10.0、Abaqus 6.9.1等软件建立下颈椎（C3~C7）完整有限元模型、完整保留双侧关节突关节三节段（C4~C6）全椎板切除后有限元模型。模拟施加74N头颅预载荷和1.8Nm运动附加力矩，使模型产生前屈、后伸、侧屈和旋转运动，测试颈椎全椎板切除前后的运动范围和关节囊韧带、后纵韧带在各种加载方式下的拉力。结果：C4～C6全椎板切除后即刻颈椎屈伸、侧弯和旋转的运动范围与完整状态下比较均没有增加，但C4～C6节段之间的关节囊韧带和后纵韧带在各种加载方式下受到的拉力均增大。结论：完整保留双侧关节突关节的全椎板切除术不会对下颈椎即时稳定性造成影响，但关节囊韧带和后纵韧带承受着超正常生理负荷。

英文摘要:

  【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the biomechanics mechanism for the lower cervical spine after laminectomy.Method：CT scans were performed on a healthy adult male volunteer.Mimics 10.01，Geomagic studio 10.0，HyperMesh 10.0 and Abaqus 6.9.1 softwares were used to establish the intact model of C3-C7.The model was subjected to three-level（C4-C6） laminectomy.The skull preload of 74N and torsion preload of 1.8Nm was added on the model，which simulated flexion，extension，lateral bending and axial rotation.The immediate biomechanics mechanism of facet capsule and posterior longitudinal ligament of cervical spine after laminectomy was analyzed.Result：Under different loading，the immediate stability after C4-C6 laminectomy remained unchanged compared with intact specimen，however the stress of facet capsule and posterior longitudinal ligament in C4-C6 under different load increased significantly.Conclusion：Laminectomy without removal of bilateral facet joints do not have effect on the immediate stability of subaxial cervical spine，however the facet capsule and posterior longitudinal ligament sustain excessive load.