寰枢椎脱位三维非线性有限元模型的建立和分析

Establishment and analysis of a three-dimensional finite element model of atlantoaxial dislocation

中文关键词:  寰枢椎脱位  有限元  生物力学

英文关键词:Atlantoaxial dislocation  Finite element  Biomechanics

中文摘要:

  【摘要】 目的：探索寰枢椎脱位有限元模型的建模方法及其在寰枢椎脱位临床治疗中的作用。方法：在正常上颈椎三维非线性有限元模型的基础上结合临床实际寰枢椎脱位病例，应用有限元软件，建立横韧带断裂而不伴有齿状突骨折的寰枢椎前脱位有限元模型，进行有限元分析，测量并比较正常上颈椎模型和寰枢椎脱位模型在屈、伸、侧屈、旋转等工况下的活动度（ROM）。结果：在正常上颈椎三维非线性有限元模型的基础上结合临床实际寰枢椎脱位病例建立的横韧带断裂不伴齿状突骨折的寰枢椎前脱位有限元模型外观逼真，几何相似性好，各个工况下的活动度较正常上颈椎模型明显增大，尤其是前屈增加了17.8°，后伸增加了13.7°。结论：寰枢椎脱位非线性三维有限元模型能够较好地模拟临床实际脱位病例，可用于临床对寰枢椎脱位患者的生物力学分析，从而指导制定寰枢椎脱位的治疗策略。

英文摘要:

  【Abstract】 Objective：To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of atlantoaxial dislocation and evaluate its feasibility in clinical practice.Method：Based on a finite element model of a normal upper cervical spine，a finite element model of atlantoaxial anterior displacement due to C1 transverse ligament rupture with no fracture was developed according to a clinical case.The range of motion under flexion-extension,lateral bending and axial rotation were measured and analyzed in the normal and abnormal model.Result：The finite element model of atlantoaxial anterior dislocation with transverse atlantal ligament failure with no odontoid fracture had the same similarity and profile as the clinical case.The range of motion under each movement in abnormal model was larger than in the normal model，especially in flexion and extension movement which increased by 17.8° and 13.7° respectively.Conclusion：The finite element model can be used to simulate the biomechanics of atlantoaxial dislocation with transverse atlantal ligament rupture with no odontoid fracture，which is helpful to determine the treating strategy.